A Binary and Bricks publication
Constropedia
Material Testing

Rebound Hammer Test for Concrete Strength

How the Schmidt rebound hammer estimates concrete strength without breaking a specimen, from checking the hammer on the anvil to averaging six readings at each point.

Objective and significance

Rebound hammer test is a Non Destructive test unlike cube compression strength test. It means the test does not break any specimen to calculate the strength of the hardened concrete. This test is rapid and very convenient to use. Schmidt hammer test is also another name of rebound hammer test.

  • Rebound hammer test is useful to find out compressive strength of the concrete
  • It's a non-destructive test
  • It assesses uniformity of concrete
  • Helps to assess quality of concrete
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Aim

To assess the likely compressive strength of concrete by using rebound hammer.

Apparatus

Rebound Hammer: It consists of a spring controlled mass that slides on a plunger within a tubular housing.

Silver Matest rebound hammer with rebound scale and calibration chart, beside a black round stone
S. No.ApplicationApprox. Impact Energy required for Rebound hammer (Nm)
1For Testing Normal Weight Concrete2.25
2For light-weight concrete or small and impact sensitive parts of concrete0.75
3For testing mass concrete for example, in roads, air field pavements and hydraulic structures30.00

Procedure

  1. Before commencement of a test, the rebound hammer should be tested against the test anvil, to get reliable results, for which the manufacturer of the rebound hammer indicates the range of readings on the anvil suitable for different types of rebound hammer.
Close-up of an Original Schmidt rebound hammer's 10 to 100 rebound scale and calibration chart, held on site
  1. Apply light pressure on the plunger – it will release it from the locked position and allow it to extend to the ready position for the test.
  1. Press the plunger against the surface of the concrete, keeping the instrument perpendicular to the test surface. Apply a gradual increase in pressure until the hammer impacts. (Do not touch the button while depressing the plunger. Press the button after impact, in case it is not convenient to note the rebound reading in that position.)
Hand holding a silver Schmidt rebound hammer horizontally over rubble on a construction site
  1. Take six readings around each point of observation; their average is the rebound index for that point.
Hand holding a Schmidt rebound hammer upright with the plunger extended, over plywood formwork on site

Interpretation of results

Average Rebound NumberQuality of Concrete
> 40Very Good
30-40Good
20-30Fair
<20Poor and/or delaminated
0Very poor and/or delaminated